Transportation and Infrastructure

Question: Describe about the Sydney Harbour. Answer: Introduction Sydney Harbour [Port Jackson] is renowned as one of the Australias premier cruise ship destination. It has seen that the 2013 / 2014 year was considered as one of the significant financial year and the Sydney port has contributed a significant figure behind such large amount of financial success (Portsaustralia.com.au, 2016). The port itself plays a vital role not for the local economy but also the entire state as well as the nation (Corporation, 2016). The details of the port have been mentioned in the below mentioned figures: Figure: Port of Sydney (Frost, 2016) The purpose of this report is to apply the transportation and infrastructure concepts as well as assumptions with respect to a specific economy. In this study, the researcher has considered, Port Jackson [Sidney Harbour] as the case port. Parameters Below are the assumptions considered for this study: Salvage rate: 15% Maintenance and management cost rate: 13% Rehabilitation cost rate: 25% Interest rate: 4.25 % [Australian bond 10 year yield] Total duration: 30 years Problem statement The purpose of this study is to understand the per load income from toll service provided in the selected area. In this context, the study is also exploration of different costs associated with this toll service. Methodology The researcher has followed a sequential approach here. As the purpose of this study is to identify the toll income per load, a 8 step approach has been adopted, in which the researcher has calculated several costs to reach into the final stage. Results This section of the report has demonstrated the step by step calculations. Step 1: Port Selection Figure: Port Jackson Source: (Frost, 2016) Figure: Ship movement (Port Jackson) (Ships.portauthoritynsw.com.au, 2016) Step 2: Calculation of truck volume and traffic volume at present year (1) Throughput of the terminal (Q): 222,204 tones = 2.22204 * 10^5 tones (Portsaustralia.com.au, 2016) (2) Ratios of transshipment: 10 % (3) Inbound rate: 7.54 % (4) Outbound rate: 92.46% (Charting Transport, 2012) (5) Inbound Throughputs (Qin): 2.22204 * 10^5 tones * (1 10 %) * 7.54 % = 0.1508 * 10^5 tones (6) Outbound Throughputs (Qout): 2.22204 * 10^5 tones * (1 10 %) * 92.46 % = 1.8490 * 10^5 tones (7) Number of truck in: 5110 = 0.0511 * 10^5 (8) Number of truck out: 4745 = 0.04745 * 10^5 (9) Traffic volume ratio of truck: 15 % (www.clickonlinemarketing.com.au, 2016) (10) Total volume in: (0.0511 * 10^5) / 15% = 0.340667 * 10^5 veh / year (11) Total volume out: (0.04745 * 10^5) / 15 % = 0.316333 * 10^5 veh / year Step 3: Calculation of future traffic volume and decide number of lanes (1) GDP growth rate in the first 10 years: 2.78 % (Statista, 2016) (2) GDP growth rate in the last 20 years: 2.47 % (Statista, 2016) (3) Target year volume in: 0.340667 * 10^5 * (1 + 2.78 %)^10 * (1 + 2.47 %)^20 veh / year = 0.730047 * 10^5 veh / year (Ting, 2016) (4) Target year volume in: 0.316333 * 10^5 * (1 + 2.78 %)^10 * (1 + 2.47 %)^20 veh / year = 0.6779 * 10^5 veh / year (Ting, 2016) (5) Road capacity in each lane: 1600 veh / hr (6) Busy hour: 18 hour (7) Number of lane in: (0.730047 * 10^5) / (18 * 365 * 600) = 0.01852 (8) Number of lane out: (0.6779 * 10^5) / (18 * 365 * 600) = 0.00172 (Roads and Maritime Services, 2016) In this case, the researcher takes max (0.01852, 0.00172) = 0.01852 or 1 lanes on both direction Step 4: Calculation of construction cost (1) Length of freeway: 2.5 km (2) Construction cost per lane per kilometer: 0.35 million / lane / Km (3) Construction cost: 0.035 *10^5 * (1+1) * 2.5 = $ 0.175 * 10^5.